Definition – KobeBryant

Posted on March 9, 2021 by kobebryant32

Needs a Title

Online learning has taken the world by storm. Since the pandemic hit, it has been harder for most people to go to school and feel safe in school. Corona Virus has been viewed as one of the deadliest viruses to touch earth and since then, schooling has been online. Online school has its ups and downs , but being optimistic and upbeat is what gets you through tough times. People often say that online school is much easier because you can cheat and what not, and some people say that it is harder because some people need to be in school. Regardless of the opinions, online school is a thing and people need to realize that it is happening.

Online school has its pros and cons. One of the pros being that you are in the comfort of your own home , receiving high quality education from decorated professors. Your knowledge will progress and there’s no way that your knowledge stays stagnant unless of course you allow it to be. Being at home makes you feel less stressed and much more at ease. Opposed to being in school when you have to wake up much earlier and end up staying in school for a long time. A lot of people work better when they are at home. Comfort can be a double edged sword, it can either work for you or against you. Another pro is that Online schooling provides asynchronous learning. Meaning that you can take class at your own pace. So let’s say for instance you are having a not so fabulous day. You can hold off on class for that day and pick up on it the next day. Universities and high schools also provide recorded lectures as well so you can always catch up on what was lost. In regular school if you missed a day, you had to copy some subpar notes from your buddy that barely pays attention in class. Online school also allows you to log on to class no matter where you are at. 

Online school also has its cons. Online school is said to lack the “real learning experience”, i’m talking, chalkboard and textbooks. It isn’t the same because kids aren’t required to keep their cameras on so they are most likely just laying down in bed while logged into class. Which isn’t necessarily what you’d be doing if you were in class. I feel like online learning also kills your social skills because you are interacting much less than you normally would. Mainly because you are sitting behind your computer all day long and not necessarily talking that much. Online school has kids staying up all night as well, I feel as though the workload increases mainly because we are not in school. It’s kind of a way to try to compensate for the fact that we are in the comfort of our own homes.

Nothing will ever be able to replace regular school because there is nothing that can replicate a classroom. Although online classes have proven to help people get smarter and much more versatile. The learning style is very different. Some people are better in the classroom than others and vice versa. It all depends on your preference at the end of the day. Learning styles and presences differ depending on the person. Statistics show that kids are getting more stressed at home than they were in school, this is a result of someone who doesn’t agree with online learning. 

Being in school gives you a sense of urgency and responsibility. You aren’t as likely to procrastinate and you end up having a much better time when you have a consistent schedule. That is an important aspect of being in school, is the responsibility you have. It isn’t easy to always wake up early and go to school everyday but it pays off when you know that you are getting 100% of what is there. Online schooling is what will be going on for a very long time until this virus is under control. So it is better that we get use to it because I’ll most likely graduate with online school still being an option.

References:

What Are The Pros And Cons Of Online Learning? | MyComputerCareer

Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Courses | Montgomery College, Maryland

Breaking Down the Pros and Cons of Online Classes | Rasmussen University

Strengths and Weaknesses of Online Learning – ION Professional eLearning Programs – University of Illinois Springfield – UIS

Posted in Definition Categorical | 2 Comments

Definition-RowanRat

Posted on March 8, 2021 by rowanrat

Mental Illness Through Therapy

There are many ways of noticing that someone is experiencing mental illness other than simply stating the fact. The term therapy is often understood as talking out your feelings to a professional therapist which leads to a possible diagnosis. This is not the case, however, where there are many outlets that one can express what they are going through. One example of this is music therapy. Through this kind of treatment, psychologists are able to find whether or not a patient is experiencing some type of mental illness through this artistic form of expression.

With this type of therapy, one is able to analyze the type of music created to understand an artist’s self-concept and rehabilitative needs. Further, one is able to see those issues in the lyrics of their music. By examining an artist’s work, a professional is able to notice psychological and developmental processes where they may have not been able to notice in other ways. Because of this, there are great benefits for the artists combining analytic approaches of song analysis with an experiential, arts-based investigation.

As stated by the AMTA, “Music Therapy is the clinical and evidence-based use of music interventions to accomplish individualized goals within a therapeutic relationship by a credentialed professional who has completed an approved music therapy program.” Not only is music therapy beneficial for the clinician to better understand their patient, it is also helpful for the patient to let go of these emotions as well as receiving the help they need at the same time. Music therapy is especially advantageous for those who experience issues with communication. Activities that are included in such treatment are singing, dancing, creating music, or by listening to music. By doing so, patients are able to express their feelings in a creative and entertaining way. 

Music being understood as having healing abilities is not news and has been used as such since the times of Aristotle. However, the first official documented practice of using music for therapy was in 1789 through “Music Physically Considered,” an article in Columbian Magazine. Further, throughout the 1900s this practice gained popularity where there were multiple programs introduced. In 1903, the National Society of Musical Therapeutics was founded by Eva Augusta Vescelius. Next, in 1926, the National Association for Music in Hospitals was founded by Isa Maud Ilsen. Another, in 1941, the National Foundation of Music Therapy was founded by Harriet Ayer Seymour. Considering music therapy as an organized clinical profession truly began in the 1940s. Flash forward to today, there are around 5,000 certified music therapists in the United States.

There is a common link between creativity and mental illness. Many songs reflect the type of life an artist has. Further, one’s mental health is a significant part in one’s life. Therefore, it is more than likely that if an artist suffers from some type of mental illness, it will show in the songwriting of those artists. Meg Hutchinson describes her experience with mental illness and how it affects her music. Hutchinson suffers from bipolar disorder. She explains how in her song, “The Living Side” she expresses how she promises to stay on the living side. This proves that mental illness is commonly displayed in the lyrics of their music.

There are many songs with dark lyrics that are a result of the artist having mental illness. Eminem suffers from depression and his song, “Stan”, writes “You coulda rescued me from drowning / now it’s too late, I’m on a thousand downers now, I’m drowsy / and all I wanted was a lousy letter or a call.” Another by Eminem, “Rock Bottom” writes “My life is full of empty promises and broken dreams / I’m hopin’ things look up; but there ain’t no job openings / I feel discouraged, hungry and malnourished” Billie Joe Armstrong of Green Day suffers from panic disorder and his band’s song, “Basket Case,” writes “Sometimes I give myself the creeps / sometimes my mind plays tricks on me / it all keeps adding up I think I’m cracking up / am I just paranoid or am I just stoned?” Morrissey of The Smiths suffers from depression and his band’s song, “I know It’s Over” writes “Oh Mother, I can feel the soil falling over my head.” All of these songs demonstrate how mental illness affects and is apparent in the lyrics of those artists who are suffering.

Another example is an artist with the name of X. Ari. She is a singer-songwriter and suffers from anxiety, depression, PTSD, and insomnia. Some lyrics she has created include, “There was no dim light at the end of the tunnel and every part of my being thought this was the end. If I only knew that so many people have similar struggles, I would not have felt so alone. Perhaps I would been able to recover sooner had I not been so ashamed.” As you can see here, she is openly discussing her mental illness in this song. This is an example of lyrics that describe the current state of their lives. There isn’t much digging needed to find examples of some sort of mental illness here. However, this is a good example of how music is used as an outlet for mental illness and has a significant impact on the lyrics created. Also, this just shows that not only was she able to express her feelings, she is acting as a real life example of someone who has effectively used music as more than just a leisure activity.

Emotional expression includes but is not limited to regular one on one conversation and that is something that must be understood. Today, more than ever, people are experiencing mental illness at alarming rates. For those who do need assistance, they should be aware of the many resources available that can help their given situation. Many are reluctant or apprehensive about classic verbal therapy which stops them from getting the help they need. Music therapy is surely a more appealing type of treatment and if more people knew that this is an option, it can save the lives of those suffering.   

References

Additional informationNotes on contributorsMichael ViegaMichael Viega. (n.d.). What’s in a song? Combining analytical and arts-based analysis for songs created by songwriters with neurodisabilities. Retrieved March 06, 2021, from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08098131.2016.1205651

American music Therapy association. (n.d.). Retrieved March 08, 2021, from https://www.musictherapy.org/about/musictherapy/

An interview with The Singer-songwriter and mental Health Advocate, X.ARI! (n.d.). Retrieved March 06, 2021, from https://music.allaccess.com/an-interview-with-the-singer-songwriter-and-mental-health-advocate-x-ari/

Landau, E. (2013, August 23). When patients have ‘music emergencies’. Retrieved March 08, 2021, from https://www.cnn.com/2013/08/23/health/music-therapy

Mental illness and CREATIVITY: Singer songwriter Meg Hutchinson on bipolar disorder and medications. (2019, August 12). Retrieved March 06, 2021, from https://talentdevelop.com/3949/mental-illness-and-creativity-singer-songwriter-meg-hutchinson-on-bipolar-disorder-and-medications//* custom css */.tdi_98_160 .tdb-author-name-wrap{ align-items: baseline; }.tdi_98_160 .avatar{ width: 20px; height: 20px; margin-right: 6px;, Bartleet, L., By, & Bartleet, L. (2020, December 08). 50 songs about depression. Retrieved March 06, 2021, from https://www.nme.com/list/50-songs-about-depression-1109

Posted in Definition Categorical, Portfolio RowanRat, rowanrat | 1 Comment

Definition Rewrite – iwantpopsicle

Posted on March 8, 2021 by iwantpopsicle

The Stigmatization of Borderline Personality Disorder

Borderline personality disorder is often considered among the most emotionally painful (for sufferers and those affected by them) personality disorders. BPD is often diagnosed on the basis of quite a few symptoms and behaviors. BPD is a serious mental disorder with a characteristic pervasive pattern of instability in affect regulation, impulse control, interpersonal relationships, and self-image.(Lancet 2004) [We don’t do these.] It is known to affect about 1-2% of the general population.

Borderline personality disorder causes severe impairment in the sufferer’s life. They struggle daily with controlling their emotions, thoughts, and actions. They often describe having wild mood swings, making it difficult to describe their exact feelings at any given moment. Their opinions and outlook on life situations are prone to change rapidly and uncontrollably, making it hard for them to maintain a positive or consistent outlook on almost anything, especially when it comes to social relationships. They tend to exhibit a behavior which  is known as “splitting”, in which they will view every situation in black and white, rather than with gray areas, like a neurotypical individual. This is especially evident in their interpersonal interactions. They can go from idolizing or being absolutely infatuated with someone, to hating them in a split second. While this is out of their control, it is especially painful for those close to them. They also tend to have difficulty managing these thoughts, which tends to make them feel out of control or to self label themselves as “crazy” or “insane”. This can make it hard for sufferers to feel like they even know themselves, and have a hard time establishing their own identity, which is rapidly shifting and unstable.

Those afflicted with this disorder tend to seek professional help, especially in times of great crisis. According to Robert S. Biskin’s academic article The Lifetime Course of Borderline Personality Disorder, Sufferers of BPD are often seen only when in times of crisis, if they are not already part of a long time treatment program. This leads many to have the impression that those with BPD are constantly in crisis and are never recovering, which in turn causes mental health professionals to stigmatize these individuals and give them little to no real treatment. However, research shows the opposite of this.

In the McLean Study of Adult Development, a group of 290 patients originally hospitalized at McLean Hospital with a diagnosis of BPD, were assessed 6 months after the start of the study, and then annually for 10 years. By the end of the study, 85% of patients described a 12 month or longer period of symptom remission and improvement. This proves that with proper care and treatment, sufferers of borderline personality disorder do have the potential to make significant progress and live better lives.

In a similar study by the American Journal of Psychiatry, a group of 38 patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder were placed in either partially hospitalized care, or standard psychiatric, appointment based care. Both groups were measured on their frequency of self harm or suicide attempts, number of inpatient admissions, and their own measures of depression, anxiety, and interpersonal function. The partially hospitalized group of patients showed substantially decreased negative symptoms when compared to the group met with standard psychiatric care. This shows that specialized care for these individuals is key to helping them improve their condition significantly and properly. 

According to Lindsay Sheehan’s psychiatric article The Stigma of Personality Disorders, stigma can be described as a range of a lack of eye contact, to complete ostracization of an individual belonging to a stigmatized group. Due to public attitudes towards mental illness, the mentally ill are often seen as to blame for their behaviors, as if it is their conscious choice to act out. Not only is BPD among the most stigmatized of all personality disorders, but it is also the most researched in terms of Stigma.(Sheehan 2016) When asking nurses in Israeli psychiatric hospitals about their views of different mental health patients, they showed the most negative attitudes towards those with Borderline Personality Disorder. Another study showed that psychiatrists tend to exhibit the least empathy towards those with BPD. 

This is a very complicated issue not only because of the poor treatment, but for the reason that this knowledge completely discourages sufferers from seeking help. Why would you seek help, when you know the person helping isn’t going to do their job? This is the kind of helpless mindset that those with BPD often have not only towards their lives in general, but also their healthcare providers. There needs to be established trust and transparency between patients and mental health specialists, as this is the only way effective treatment can occur.

In Amanda Vandyk’s original article titled Why go to the emergency department? Perspectives from persons with borderline personality disorder, she states that most healthcare providers describe that patients with BPD are “difficult” and “a pain in the ass”. This kind of attitude shows that a portion of clinicians clearly dread dealing with these patients. They have also been found to describe patients as “attention-seeking” and “manipulative”. Those with BPD suffer from intense feelings of loneliness, despair, and fear of abandonment. This directly triggers an emotional response due to these fears. 

The most important thing to remember about individuals with BPD is that they never choose to act the way that they do. The symptoms of BPD are extremely intense and uncontrollable. Sufferers struggle to survive in their own skin with these symptoms, which is why they seek licensed professionals to help them. If they could control these feelings, thoughts, and behaviors, they wouldn’t be in a psychiatrist’s office multiple times a week looking for assistance. Understanding and acknowledging the struggles of those with borderline personality disorder is imperative to treating them. Healthcare professionals need to take the time to evaluate these people respectfully and develop better strategies to treat and handle them. With a personality disorder mainly characterized with a fear of feeling hopeless and alone, turning a sufferer away rather than helping them pushes them down a hole they will have a very hard time climbing out of on their own.

References

Bateman, A. Fonagy, P., Iliakis, E. A., Scott, N. P., Lohman, M. C., . . . Gabbard, G. O. (1999, October 01). Effectiveness of Partial Hospitalization in the Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Retrieved from https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/full/10.1176/ajp.156.10.1563

Biskin, R. S. (2015). The Lifetime Course of Borderline Personality Disorder. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry,60(7), 303-308. doi:10.1177/070674371506000702

Lieb, K., Zanarini, M. C., Schmal, C., Linehan, M. M., & Bohus, M. (2004, July 31). Borderline personality disorder. Retrieved March 7, 2021, from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.625.4235&rep=rep1&type=pdf

Sheehan, L., Nieweglowski, K., & Corrigan, P. (2016, January 16). The Stigma of Personality Disorders. Retrieved March 7, 2021, from https://www.bpdcommunity.com.au/static/uploads/files/2016-sheehan-the-stigma-of-pds-wfcdbbajayss.pdf

Vandyk, A., Bentz, A., Bissonette, S., & Cater, C. (2019, January 13). Why go to the emergency department? Perspectives from persons with borderline personality disorder. Retrieved March 7, 2021, from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Amanda-Vandyk/publication/331202392_Why_go_to_the_emergency_department_Perspectives_from_persons_with_borderline_personality_disorder/links/5e0eac9592851c8364add2e9/Why-go-to-the-emergency-department-Perspectives-from-persons-with-borderline-personality-disorder.pdf

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Definition Rewrite- Thecommoncase

Posted on March 8, 2021 by thecommoncase

In the midst of the United States’ opioid epidemic, it is troubling to think that opioids are still one of the most commonly prescribed drugs. Everyone is well aware that taking drugs comes with many implications, but there is a reason that doctors and patients are willing to take this potentially huge risk. Prescription opioid use is quite prominent, due to its effectiveness against short-term and long-term pain. The risk clearly outweighs the reward, but opioid use prevails over all other types of pain medication. The reason for this is because opioids are in surplus supply, readily available, and heavily researched. The United States government has not looked into many other options that could potentially decrease the use of prescription opioids, but if they did, perhaps researchers will be able to come up with a safer alternative. In order to lessen the use of this drug, there needs to be a drug with the benefit opioids give without the high risk of addiction.

The natural chemical found in the opium poppy plant is called opiate, and this is what professionals use to make the type of drug known as opioids. Opioid is an umbrella term that identifies drugs that are used as painkillers; not including over-the-counter medications such as ibuprofen and tylenol. Opioids are able to ease varying degrees of pain, and are incredibly helpful when a patient is physically suffering from surgery, injury, or a chronic disease. When someone takes an opioid like OxyContin, the chemical interacts with pain receptors throughout the nervous system, lessening the intensity of pain. Just like any other medication, there are side effects to taking opioids. Of course, the most obvious side effects would be dependence and addiction, but opioids can cause other health problems, as well. Opioids can cause nausea, memory loss, and can decrease blood pressure and heart rate. This can be difficult for people who are taking other medications, who could benefit from the use of opioids but cannot take them due to the mixture of all the strong medications in their body.

The CDC has spent many years gathering information about the risks and benefits of opioids, and have published the Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain which states that “clinicians should prescribe immediate-release opioids instead of extended-release /long-acting (ER/LA) opioids.” These modifications allow doctors to use opioids for many types of situations. A patient suffering an injury from a car accident may be prescribed a short-term opioid medication, where the effects of the drug only last a few hours. On the other hand, a person with chronic pain who has tried every other treatment option may benefit from a long-acting opioid. 

It is bittersweet, but medical professionals have been able to gather so much research and data about opioid use and opioid addiction due to the opioid epidemic. The United States government is willing to put a lot of money and man-power into studying the effects of opioids and opioid addiction since it has been plaguing the country for many years. There is not much that researchers do not know about opioids, and scientists have found ways to change and manipulate the duration of opioids effects thanks to all the research the United States government has supported. 

Not only can opioids be modified to fit a person’s degree of pain, but they are also widely available in the United States. In 2019 the CDC released the total number of opioids that were described in that year, and over 153 million were given to patients across the U.S.. Opioids sole purpose is to help people manage pain, so it makes sense that it would be used vastly. In the United States, accidents are incredibly common and thousands of people suffer from injuries daily. Opioids are very effective in treating short-term pain from things like accidents, but that is not exactly what makes people addicted to opioids.

Not only do opioids block pain receptors in the brain and spinal cord, they also create a feeling of euphoria in those taking it. This is the feeling that people are likely to succumb to when they take opioids. It does not matter if the treatment was meant to help with short-term or long-term pain, the combined power of not feeling pain and an overwhelming feeling of euphoria makes the risk of addiction incredibly high. The National Institute on Drug Abuse states that “regular use- even as prescribed by a doctor- can lead to dependence and, when misused, can lead to addiction, overdose incidents, and deaths.” If this feeling of euphoria, or the “high” that people feel were nonexistent, no one would become addicted to opioid medications.

There is no doubt that opioid abuse is a huge problem in the United States. In order to lessen the damage of the opioid epidemic, there needs to be a safer alternative that can still help patients that are dealing with long-term or short-term pain. This drug would need to be able to block pain receptors in the brain and nervous system at the same, or at least a similar, level of strength as opioids. Not only does it have to be powerful, but it cannot give patients a sense of euphoria when they take it. Instead, that component should be replaced with something that makes people feel mildly uncomfortable. That way, opioid users do not feel compelled to continue taking the drug once they are no longer prescribed to it.

Unfortunately, one of the biggest problems with this idea is that there is not enough funding for researchers to run tests and evaluate possible replacements. Opioids have been thoroughly tested and studied by scientists and medical professionals, and they are well aware of the benefits and every possible risk. Since opioids are so variable, there can be a different type of opioid medication that will properly fit a patient’s needs. In order for an alternative drug to take the place of opioids, researchers will need to know all that they can to make sure every patient receives the right type of medication. 

References

National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2021, March 03). Opioids. Retrieved March 07, 2021, from https://www.drugabuse.gov/drug-topics/opioids

U.S. opioid Dispensing RATE MAPS. (2020, December 07). Retrieved March 07, 2021, from https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/maps/rxrate-maps.html

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2016) Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain, Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy, from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/citedby/10.3109/15360288.2016.1173761?scroll=top&needAccess=true

Butanis, B. (2018, April 30). What are opioids? Retrieved March 07, 2021, from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/opioids/what-are-opioids.html

Posted in Definition Rewrite, thecommoncase | 6 Comments

Definition Rewrite-Johnwick66

Posted on March 8, 2021 by johnwick66

Cancel culture, tool or weapon?

Cancel culture, possibly one of if not the biggest miss use of social media. Where people lives can be terminated in a matter of minutes. With the rise of social media, the world is more connected than ever, people from all over capable of communicating as if the other person were simply across the table from them. Along with this kind of tech comes a new profound power. The ability to cancel (a form of shaming) anyone for saying/doing something the public doesn’t agree with. With this kind of power the people could use it for good in order to help bring change. But instead we use it to burn normal people’s lives for nothing more than some clicks or views online. Instead of bringing change like we could, we’d rather destroy the lives of relatively innocent people for what, social justice? Please tell me what does the destruction of people’s lives do that help make that person better?

The short answer, it doesn’t, and there isn’t an exact group that is targeted either. People don’t only go after the Klansman, or neo Nazis. They’ll target anyone for any reason. You can easily go from the canceler to the canceled with the snap of your fingers. A perfect example of this was from a NPR podcast called “The callout.” The podcast talked about a punk Rockstar named Emily who was a member of a hardcore punk band in Richmond, Va. One day while on tour she received news that her best friend was accused of sending unwelcomed sexual pictures to a woman. Her friend of course denied these allegations, however Emily didn’t buy it and in an act of social justice took to face book to publicly denounce her ,now ex bestfriend, as an abuser. “I disown everything he has done. I do not think it’s O.K…I believe women.” Through her “righteous” acts her former friend basically lost everything, he was kicked from his band, forced to leave the punk scene, Emily even heard rumors that he was fired, evicted, and forced to move to a new city. With one post she destroyed everything that man had for not even commiting the act but rather the allegation of it. Just think about that, a life destroyed over the accusation of a photo, and as her former friend suffered she prospered fronting her own band. But as fate would have it her actions of canceling would come back to haunt her. A few years later she would get exposed for posting an emoji in a group chat as a response for a indecent picture of a former high school classmate that was sent nearly a decade prior. Just as she denounced her friend a few years before people came after her. She was kicked from the punk scene, her friends left her, and she was forced into hiding for months. As for her canceler? He was a man named Herbert who when interviewed described calling her out ”… a rush of pleasure, like an orgasm.” Then when asked if he cared about what Emily went through after he cold heartily responded ”..I literally do not care about what happens to (her) after the situation. I don’t care if she’s dead, alive, whatever.”

While true that these canceled people have said or done some really regrettable things that are clearly not acceptable in today’s world, there is really one difference between us and them. They were caught doing their act. Anyone that says they have never said or done something deemed socially unacceptable is quite frankly lying. We as people are prone to make undesirable mistakes, that’s what comes with developing as a person. But for a majority of us these incidents aren’t put online, they aren’t exposed to the web for all to see and judge, also its important to note that even though these people messed up, they are still people, with thoughts and dreams, and feelings. For when we ignore these facts we can truly become inhumane in our actions.

Cancel culture itself stems from public shaming. They are one in the same with the only difference is that cancel culture is directly rooted on the internet while public shaming can occur just about anywhere. As described in D, Trottier’s ”Coming to terms with shame” Shaming itself is “…necessarily assembled, as it depends on a loosely and often spontaneously arranged network of actors to convey denunciation.” Meaning that it can only occur when people deem it fit to be. Further going on stating ”Digitals tools further the expansion of such networks, a development that is of particular concern for surveillance scholars.” Due to current technology anything that is caught on camera can instantly be posted and forwarded online leading from one person having their hands on the video/photo to millions in under an hour. Because of this extreme growth its incredibly easy for people watching these recent videos to reach conclusion’s before hearing out the full story, leading to a extremely fast and usually brutal cancellation.

The creation of social media only flames cancel cultures growth. Look no further than the story previously mentioned that involved Emily. Both her cancellation and her former friends reached the level of severity it did because of social media’s reach. You would never see a story about posting a emoji in a group chat to make fun of someone ever reach the news. However it’s not hard at all to see it get posted on Twitter or Facebook and watch it spread like wildfire. That’s because social media grants cancellers something that the news never could for public shaming. It sheaths the cancellers behind a profile, able to remain completely anonymous(if he/she wanted) , and rarely forces them to face the consequences for their cancelations.

References

Brooks, David . 2019. “The Cruelty of Call-Out Culture.” New York Times, January 14. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/14/opinion/call-out-social-justice.html.

Trottier, D. (2018). Coming to terms with shame: Exploring mediated visibility against transgressions. Surveillance & Society, 16(2), 170-182. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.rowan.edu/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fscholarly-journals%2Fcoming-terms-with-shame-exploring-mediated%2Fdocview%2F2138979618%2Fse-2%3Faccountid%3D13605

The callout. (2018, April 13). Retrieved March 08, 2021, from https://www.npr.org/2018/04/13/601971617/the-callout

Posted in Definition Rewrite, johnwick66, Portfolio JohnWick66 | 6 Comments

Definition-John Wick66

Posted on March 8, 2021 by johnwick66

Cancel culture, possibly one of if not the biggest miss use of social media. Where people lives can be terminated in a matter of minutes. With the rise of social media, the world is more connected than ever, people from all over capable of communicating as if the other person is simply across the table from them. Along with this kind of tech comes a new profound power. The ability to cancel (a form of shaming) anyone for saying/doing something the public doesn’t agree with. With this kind of power the people could use it for good in order to help bring change. But instead we use it to burn normal people’s lives for nothing more than shits and giggles. Instead of bringing change like we could, we’d rather destroy the lives of relatively innocent people for what, social justice? Please tell me what does the destruction of people’s lives do that help make that person better?

Short answer it doesn’t, and its there isn’t an exact group that is targeted either. People don’t only go after the Klansman, or neo Nazis. They’ll target anyone for any reason. Hell you can go from the canceler to the canceled with the snap of your fingers. A perfect example of this was from a NPR podcast called “The callout” a punk Rockstar named Emily. she was a member of a hardcore punk band in Richmond Va. Well one day she received news that her best friend was accused of sending unwelcomed sexual pictures to a woman. Now her friend of course denied these allegations, however Emily didn’t buy it and in an act of social justice took to face book to denounce her ,now ex bestfriend, as an abuser. ” I disown everything he has done. I do not think it’s O.K…I believe women.” Through her “righteous” acts her former friend basically lost everything, kicked from the his band, forced to leave the punk scene, Emily even heard rumors that he was fired, evicted, and forced to move to a new city. In one swift move she destroyed everything that man had for not even the actually doing it but rather the allegation of it. Think of that, a destroyed life over the accusation of a photo, and as his former friend suffered she prospered fronting her own band. But as fate would have it her actions of canceling would come back to haunt her. A few years later she would get exposed for posting an emoji (I shit you not) in a group chat as a response for a indecent picture of a highschool student back when Emily was in highschool, nearly a decade ago. Just as she denounced her friend a few years before people came after her. She was kicked from the punk scene, her friends left her, and she was forced into hiding for months. As for her canceler? He was a man named Herbert who when interviewed described calling her out” a rush of pleasure, like an orgasm.” Then when asked if he cared about what Emily went through after he cold heartily responded” ..I literally do not care about what happens to (her) after the situation. I don’t care if she’s dead, alive, whatever”

Think about that for a second. When someone does something that is deemed unacceptable by society. We take everything from that person, burn them at the stake then leave them buried in the ashes, and for what? The feeling that what was done somehow bettered the world? Or perhaps its the idea of oppressing the oppressors, or maybe, us as society take these interactions as an excuse to dehumanize these individuals since in these situations we are capable of getting away with whatever we say about them since they are at fault for their cancelation. But why do we dehumanize these people? Their people all the same just like you and me. The only difference is that they said or did something not socially accepted. But its through these action we find it acceptable to trash them. But does it make the people who cancel them any better? Especially like in Emily’s situation. She basically stabbed her friend in the back in the name of Social justice only for the same blade to be turned on her. She experienced both sides of the spectrum so tell me does that mean she was ever justified to be the one that destroyed her friends life if it was only a matter of time before spotlight turned to her past discrepancies? The overall answer to all these questions should ironically be another question. What gives us the right to play Judge, Jury, and executioner with people lives?

While true that these canceled people have said or done some really shitty things that are clearly not ok in today’s world, there is really one difference between us and them. They were caught doing their act. To sit here and say that anyone in their life has never said or done something deemed socially unacceptable is frankly bullshit. We as people are prone to screw up, that is what comes with developing as a person. But for a majority of us these incidents aren’t put online, they aren’t exposed to the web for all to see and judge, also its important to note that even though these people messed up, they are still people, with thoughts and dreams, and feelings. For when we ignore these facts we can truly became inhumane in our actions

In January of 2017 a 68 year old women stole a wallet in a shop. Not known to her she was recorded on the shops security cam. To which the film was broadcasted on a crime program. Eventually the women turned herself in but despite that that film was posted onto a media-hosting platform, which then went viral. The followers of the platform went out of there way to harass the women including a public comment section in the paper. Eventually she couldn’t take it anymore and shortly after committed suicide. The incident to say at least “.. exemplify the social harm inflicted by shaming through digital media.” This sadly, yet perfectly shows the horrible problem of cancel culture. That people find it perfectly acceptable to dehumanize someone to the point of death. Then to carry on, not giving a care for the consequences of their decisions. Its through these actions that we become worse than the people we cancel.

Resources:

Brooks, David . 2019. “The Cruelty of Call-Out Culture.” New York Times, January 14. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/14/opinion/call-out-social-justice.html.

The callout. (2018, April 13). Retrieved March 08, 2021, from https://www.npr.org/2018/04/13/601971617/the-callout

Trottier, D. (2018). Coming to terms with shame: Exploring mediated visibility against transgressions. Surveillance & Society, 16(2), 170-182. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.rowan.edu/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fscholarly-journals%2Fcoming-terms-with-shame-exploring-mediated%2Fdocview%2F2138979618%2Fse-2%3Faccountid%3D13605

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Definition Rewrite- Christianity19

Posted on March 7, 2021 by christianity19

Skin Disease while wrestling

How can wrestlers try to prevent skin disease? As the students in high school and college wrestle during the season they are susceptible to get skin diseases when at a wrestling match or a wrestling practice. But until they aren’t contagious they need to add lotion and wait until it heals. Since wrestling is a high contact sport it’s common to get skin diseases while wrestling because you have to take showers after wrestling and take the proper precautions. Ring worm and other skin diseases are common with wrestlers. Wrestlers can prevent skin diseases by checking their body on a daily basis after and before wrestling practice. Mats should be cleaned twice daily with disinfectant cleaner. Wrestling mats should be cleaned two or three hours before each practice or competition. No matter how you put it wrestlers are the most likely to get different skin diseases because the sport is really high contact.

If you take care of your skin and then wrestle you would radically prevent the ability to get skin diseases and spread it to other wrestlers. After all, according to Young, L., Motz, V., Markey, E., Young, S., & Beaschler, R. to use an disinfected on the wrestling mats before and after wrestling matches so that they prevent kids to get skin diseases. To reduce the spread of skin infections is that wrestling mats and equipment have to be cleaned on the regular. Also, cleaning the mats and the equipment helps also prevent sickness with other wrestlers. Another best practice to prevent skin disease is to having wrestlers have hand held gels and to receive annual vaccinations so that the wrestlers are less likely to get skin diseases. On the other hand, wrestlers need to help in talking part of reducing the ability to get skin diseases and to not to spread it to other wrestlers; Wrestlers are high at risk when they don’t check their skin. But skin diseases while wrestling turned out to be a different case all together: less harmful to a person but can pose a risk to other wrestlers.

Cleaning the mats before and after wrestling matches would radically reduce the number of kids getting sick and prevent others from catching skin diseases. As Mallmann, W. L.. notes this time in “HYGIENE OF WRESTLING MATS,” skin diseases are completely visible . The way how to take care of wrestling mats is by using anti-bacterial to get limit the ability to get skin diseases. The wrestling mats are known to harbor organisms indicative of pathogens, disinfections should be used on the mats. Weekends offer the better time to disinfect the mats because during the week they are wrestling. On the other hand, wrestlers have to do their part as well to make sure they are helping to keep the wrestling mats clear of infection of skin or any possible disease. Even wrestling mats can be cleaned with bleach and other household cleaners that you might find that has peroxide in it. Also, mats should be cleaned two to three hours before each practice or competition. Spray the disinfectant on the wrestling mats to clean it before or after wrestling on the mat. Bleach, peroxide or rubbing alcohol will all work. For every two squirts of this on the mats, you’ll want to add one squirt of water, creating a ratio of 2:1. This is so the mat gets clean; but so no disinfectant gets on the wrestlers’ skin the next time the mat is used.

Taking a shower after wrestling practice and wrestling matches will reduce the ability to get skin disease while wrestling. Whereas for skin disease while wrestling, again according to Anderson, B, a single body wipe can prevent skin diseases while wrestling. Also, is that you need to maintain the mats like for example you need to wash it down after every single wrestling practice or wrestling match because you may not know what skin conditions people may have. Getting the mat cleaned after wrestling matches and practice will reduce the ability to get skin diseases. Checking your body before wrestling matches and wrestling practices you will reduce the ability to get skin diseases. The more time it takes to take a shower than you will reduce the ability to get skin disease from wrestling. In wrestling you should remember to put on lotion to reduce other wrestlers from getting infections. Finally wrestling will be safe when wrestlers take care of their body and make sure they don’t give any other wrestlers skin disease.

Finally, there is treatment for pediatric skin disease while wrestling. Skin diseases from wrestling are common to happen because they are sweaty and in close contact with the other opponent. Also, skin diseases are treatable from wrestling you just need to go and see you dermatologist to get medicine for the skin disease. Even the skin disease is way into the tissue of your skin so its hard to get treated especially if you’ve been wrestling like every single day. On the other hand, the most common treatment for wrestling skin diseases are tropical anti-biotics such as Bactroban. Also, another common cure for wrestling skin diseases and infections is lotions and other medicines. The affected area for needs to be treated three times per day for ten days until the infection or disease is gone completely. But for larger infections an oral medication is needed to be taken to get rid of it completely. Wrestlers have a higher risk of getting skin diseases than football players, but will have to deal with the possibility to get infections while wrestling.

References

Anderson, B. (2012). Effectiveness of Body Wipes as an Adjunct to Reducing Skin Infections in High School Wrestlers. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 22(5), 424–429. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e3182592439

Mallmann, W. L. (1924). HYGIENE OF WRESTLING MATS. American Journal of Public Health, 14(7), 569-570. https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.14.7.569

Silverman, R. A. (2000). Office-based treatment of pediatric skin disease. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 47(4), 859-865. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031395505702443

Watson, A., Haraldsdottir, K., Biese, K., Goodavish, L., Stevens, B., & McGuine, T. (2021). The Association of COVID-19 Incidence with Sport and Face Mask Use in United States High School Athletes. medRxiv

Young, L., Motz, V., Markey, E., Young, S., & Beaschler, R. (2017). Recommendations for Best Disinfectant Practices to Reduce the Spread of Infection via Wrestling Mats. Journal of Athletic Training, 52(2), 82–88. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-52.1.02 

Posted in christianity, Definition Rewrite, Portfolio Christianity | 7 Comments

Definition – Christianity19

Posted on March 7, 2021 by christianity19

Skin Disease while wrestling

How can wrestlers try to prevent skin disease? As the students in high school and college wrestle during the season they are susceptible to get skin diseases when at a wrestling match or a wrestling practice. But until they aren’t contagious they need to add lotion and wait until it heals. Since wrestling is a high contact sport it’s common to get skin diseases while wrestling because you have to take showers after wrestling and take the proper precautions. Ring worm and other skin diseases are common with wrestlers. Wrestlers can prevent skin diseases by checking their body on a daily basis after and before wrestling practice. Mats should be cleaned twice daily with disinfectant cleaner. Wrestling mats should be cleaned two or three hours before each practice or competition. No matter how you put it wrestlers are the most likely to get skin diseases because the sport is really high contact.

If you take care of your skin and then wrestle you would radically prevent the ability to get skin diseases and spread it to other wrestlers. After all, according to Young, L., Motz, V., Markey, E., Young, S., & Beaschler, R. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-52.1.02 use an disinfected on the wrestling mats before and after wrestling matches so that they prevent kids to get skin diseases. To reduce the spread of skin infections is that wrestling mats and equipment have to be cleaned on the regular. Also, cleaning the mats and the equipment helps also prevent sickness with other wrestlers. Another best practice to prevent skin disease is to having wrestlers have hand held gels and to receive annual vaccinations so that the wrestlers are less likely to get skin diseases. On the other hand, wrestlers need to help in talking part of reducing the ability to get skin diseases and to not to spread it to other wrestlers; Wrestlers are high at risk.

But skin diseases while wrestling turned out to be a different case all together: less harmful to a person but can pose a risk to other wrestlers.

Cleaning the mats before and after wrestling matches would radically reduce the number of kids getting sick and prevent others from catching skin diseases. As Mallmann, W. L.. notes this time in “HYGIENE OF WRESTLING MATS,” skin diseases are completely visible https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.14.7.569. The way how to take care of wrestling mats is by using anti-bacterial to get limit the ability to get skin diseases. The wrestling mats are known to harbor organisms indicative of pathogens, disinfections should be used on the mats. Weekends offer the better time to disinfect the mats because during the week they are wrestling. On the other hand, wrestlers have to do their part as well to make sure they are helping to keep the wrestling mats clear of infection of skin or any possible disease. Even wrestling mats can be cleaned with bleach and other household cleaners that you might find that has peroxide in it. Also, mats should be cleaned two to three hours before each practice or competition. Spray the disinfectant on the wrestling mats to clean it before or after wrestling on the mat. Bleach, peroxide or rubbing alcohol will all work. For every two squirts of this on the mats, you’ll want to add one squirt of water, creating a ratio of 2:1. This is so the mat gets clean but so no disinfectant gets on the wrestlers’ skin the next time the mat is used.

Taking a shower after wrestling practice and wrestling matches will reduce the ability to get skin disease while wrestling. Whereas for skin disease while wrestling, again according to Anderson, B, https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e3182592439 a single body wipe can prevent skin diseases while wrestling. Also, is that you need to maintain the mats like for example you need to wash it down after every single wrestling practice or wrestling match because you may not know what skin conditions people may have. Getting the mat cleaned after wrestling matches and practice will reduce the ability to get skin diseases. Checking your body before wrestling matches and wrestling practices you will reduce the ability to get skin diseases. The more time it takes to take a shower than you will reduce the ability to get skin disease from wrestling. In wrestling you should remember to put on lotion to reduce other wrestlers from getting infections. Finally wrestling will be safe when wrestlers take care of their body and make sure they don’t give any other wrestlers skin disease.

Finally, there is treatment for pediatric skin disease while wrestling. Skin diseases from wrestling are common to happen because they are sweaty and in close contact with the other opponent. Also, skin diseases are treatable from wrestling you just need to go and see you dermatologist to get medicine for the skin disease. Even the skin disease is way into the tissue of your skin so its hard to get treated especially if you’ve been wrestling like every single day. On the other hand, the most common treatment for wrestling skin diseases are tropical anti-biotics such as Bactroban. Also, another common cure for wrestling skin diseases and infections is lotions and other medicines. The affected area for needs to be treated three times per day for ten days until the infection or disease is gone completely. But for larger infections an oral medication is needed to be taken to get rid of it completely. Wrestlers have a higher risk of getting skin diseases than football players, but will have to deal with the possiblility to get infections while wrestling.

Reference

Young, L., Motz, V., Markey, E., Young, S., & Beaschler, R. (2017). Recommendations for Best Disinfectant Practices to Reduce the Spread of Infection via Wrestling Mats. Journal of Athletic Training, 52(2), 82–88. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-52.1.02

Mallmann, W. L. (1924). HYGIENE OF WRESTLING MATS. American Journal of Public Health, 14(7), 569-570. https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.14.7.569

Anderson, B. (2012). Effectiveness of Body Wipes as an Adjunct to Reducing Skin Infections in High School Wrestlers. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 22(5), 424–429. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e3182592439

Silverman, R. A. (2000). Office-based treatment of pediatric skin disease. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 47(4), 859-865. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031395505702443

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Definition Rewrite- person345

Posted on March 7, 2021 by person345

Stages of the Denial Travel

The Coronavirus or COVID-19 is a newly discovered virus that is wreaking havoc around the world. In January of this year, 800,000 new cases have been reported in the United States and 117 million globally. Cases are continuing to rise at an increasing rate. When the Coronavirus was declared a worldwide Pandemic in March of last year, countries around the world took necessary precautions by closing their borders to stop the spread. As a result, 90% of the world has been locked down and are required to stay socially distant.  

This has dramatically reduced travel. The high-volume shutdowns that are in effect forced people to not travel since airlines suspended all services domestic and international. People are now required to stay home and quarantine themselves.

 When people travel, they expect to gain satisfaction. It serves as an escape from their busy and stressful lives. There are different levels of satisfaction when traveling. In a journal article titled “Health and Wellness Benefits of Travel Experiences A Literature Review”, two researchers named Chun-Chu Chen from Washington State University and James Patrick from Texas A & M analyzed the emotions that a person feels during a vacation and they put them into four stages. Chen and Patrick named These stages: The Stages of Travel.

However, when people are getting denied the ability to travel for an intensive period, the opposite effects of the Stages of Travel occur. Instead of getting the benefits of travel such as happiness and satisfaction, they are feeling the opposite. A person’s satisfaction decreases throughout the process. These parallel stages are called the The Stages of Denial of Travel.

Not allowing people to leave their homes has devastating effects on one’s mental state. An article titled “The Psychological Impact of Quarantine and How to Reduce it: Rapid Review of the Evidence” written by multiple doctors and practitioners explains these effects. According to this article, quarantining within your home for an extensive period can contribute to psychological disorders such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), insomnia, and anxiety. This is because people are unable to be in close contact with one another and socialize which contributes to even more effects such as loneliness and irritability. These factors are reflected in the Stages for the Denial of Travel. Since people are unable to travel and escape the stresses of life, they are confined in their homes without any physical interaction with other people.

When one goes on vacation, he or she goes through and experiences four stages of travel. Before vacation, a person is in the Anticipation stage. During this stage, people are generally happier because of the excitement and anticipation of going on a vacation to enjoy themselves for a couple of days. People also look forward to making memories and experience positive feelings while on their getaway.

The second stage of this process is called the experience stage. During the experience stage, a person is on the vacation enjoying themselves and making those memories they were excited about making. This increases satisfaction and carries over into the next stages of the Stages of Travel.

The third Stage of Travel is the Beneficial Stage which happens during and after vacation. Satisfaction is at its highest point during this stage.  Eventually, people begin to reflect on their experiences, and they carry over to when they return home. Those experiences are shared with others. The person who went on the vacation has high satisfaction and wants others to know all about their trip.

Then during the Fade-Out stage, The happiness and satisfaction gained from their travel experience starts to diminish and they return to their normal lives like going back to work and returning to school.

People rely on travelling for pleasure and satisfaction. Depriving them of those characteristics can have devastating effects on their mental health. Because of the worldwide shutdown of travel due to the Pandemic, many people are not gaining that happiness from going on a vacation. Instead, they are going through the opposite. These feelings are explained by The Stages of Denial of Travel. Satisfaction and happiness decrease throughout the stages of Denial of Travel. In the first stage, also known as the Fear stage, happiness starts to decrease because of the fear and growing anxiety of contracting the Coronavirus.

The next stage is known as the Negative Experience Stage The effects of this period have the opposite effect than the Experience Stage in the Stages of Travel. In this stage, people are fully experiencing what it is like to not have any close contact with others. They often deal with anxiety and boredom because they cannot leave their homes and be in physical contact with their friends and family.

 The third stage is the Harmful Stage. During the Harmful Stage, the negative effects, and consequences of the deprivation of travel come into effect. Sadness or the opposite of satisfaction is at its highest point here. The negative effects described earlier such as loneliness, Post Traumatic Stress Order, and anxiety take hold and begin to develop during this stage. Happiness and satisfaction are at their lowest during this. People begin to reflect their feelings and overall experiences of staying quarantined for a long period of time.

 The final stage of this process is the Fade In stage. During the Fade In stage, the anticipation of returning to normalcy and traveling increases satisfaction and happiness. When people are excited about finally traveling again after a long period of being isolated from the rest of the world, the negative consequences from the previous stages begin to fade away. People are finally looking forward to resuming their regular lives by being able to travel and congregate in person.

The Stages of the Denial of Travel reflect what the majority of people are going through especially during this current Pandemic. People are longing for a sense of normalcy so that they could leave their homes and travel at last. It is evident from Chun-Chu Chen and James Patrick’s Four Stages of Travel that travelling or going on a vacation is an important factor for psychological benefits. Taking away something that has many psychological benefits could eventually damage the human psyche.

References

  1. Chen, C. (2013). Health and wellness benefits of travel experiences a literature Review. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
  2. Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce … Retrieved February 24, 2021.
  3. Ozdemir, M. (2020). (PDF) the novel Coronavirus Covid-19 crisis on Incoming … Retrieved February 22, 2021.

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Definition-person345

Posted on March 7, 2021 by person345

Stages for the Denial Travel

The Coronavirus or COVID-19 is a newly discovered virus that wreaked havoc around the world. By 2021, there has been more than 800,000 cases in the United States and 117 million cases worldwide. Since the virus became a worldwide Pandemic in March of 2020, countries around the world began to shut down and close their borders to stop the spread. As a result, 90% of the world has been locked down and were required to quarantine.  This rapidly influenced travel. Due to the high-volume shutdowns happening around the world, people were not able to travel since airlines suspended all services domestic and international. People were required to stay home. When people travel, they expect to gain satisfaction. It serves as an escape from their busy and stressful lives. There are different levels of satisfaction when traveling. In a journal article titled Health and Wellness Benefits of Travel Experiences A Literature Review, two researchers named Chun-Chu Chen from Washington State University and James Patrick from Texas A & M analyzed the emotions that a person feels during a vacation and they put them into four stages. Chen and Patrick named These stages: The Stages of Travel. However, when people are getting denied the ability to travel for an intensive period, the opposite effects of the Stages of Travel occur. Instead of getting the benefits of travel such as happiness and satisfaction, they are feeling the opposite. A person’s satisfaction decreases throughout the process. These parallel stages are called the The Stages of Denial of Travel.

Not allowing people to leave their homes has devastating effects on one’s mental state. An article titled The Psychological Impact of Quarantine and How to Reduce it: Rapid Review of the Evidence written by multiple doctors and practitioners explains these effects. According to this article, quarantining within your home for an extensive period can contribute to psychological disorders such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), insomnia, and anxiety. This is because people are unable to be in close contact with one another and socialize which contributes to even more effects such as loneliness and irritability. These factors are reflected in the Stages for the Denial of Travel. Since people are unable to travel and escape the stresses of life, they are confined in their homes without any physical interaction with other people.

When one goes on vacation, he or she goes through and experiences four stages of travel. Before vacation, a person is in the Anticipation stage. In this stage, people are happy because of the excitement of going on vacation and the memories and positive experiences one will have. The second stage of this process is called the experience stage. During the experience stage, a person is on the vacation enjoying themselves and making memories. Again, this increases satisfaction and carries over into the next stages of the Stages of Travel. The third Stage of Travel is the Beneficial Stage which happens during and after vacation. Satisfaction is at its highest point during this stage.  Eventually, people begin to reflect on their experiences, and they carry over to when they return home. Then during the Fade-Out stage, the happiness that one has gained during vacation starts to diminish because they are returning to their normal lives. People rely on travelling for pleasure and satisfaction. Depriving them of that can have devastating effects on one’s mental health.

Because of the worldwide shutdown of travel due to the Pandemic, many people are not getting that happiness from going on a vacation. Instead, they are going through the opposite, the Stages of Denial of Travel. Satisfaction and happiness decrease throughout the stages of Denial of Travel. In the first stage, also known as the Fear stage, happiness starts to decrease because of the fear contracting the virus. The next stage is also known as the Experience Stage. However, the effects of this period have the opposite effect than the Experience Stage in the Stages of Travel. In this stage, people are fully experiencing what it is like to not have any close contact with others. The third stage is the Harmful Stage. During the Harmful Stage, the negative effects, and consequences of the deprivation of travel come into effect. The negative effects described earlier such as loneliness, Post Traumatic Stress Order, and anxiety take hold and begin to develop during this stage. Happiness and satisfaction are at their lowest during this.  The final stage of this process is the Fade In stage. During the Fade In stage, the anticipation of returning to normalcy and traveling increases satisfaction and happiness. When people are excited about finally traveling again after a long period of being isolated from the rest of the world, the negative consequences from the previous stages begin to fade away. People are finally looking forward to resuming their regular lives by being able to travel and congregate in person.

              The Stages of the Denial of Travel reflect what the majority of people are going through especially during this current Pandemic. People are longing for a sense of normalcy so that they could leave their homes and travel at last. It is evident from Chun-Chu Chen and James Patrick’s Four Stages of Travel that travelling or going on a vacation is an important factor for psychological benefits. Taking away something that has many psychological benefits could eventually damage the human psyche.

References

  1. Chen, C. (2013). Health and wellness benefits of travel experiences a literature Review. Retrieved February 23, 2021, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258161384_Health_and_Wellness_Benefits_of_Travel_Experiences_A_Literature_Review
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